rsync has a lot of parameters, here you have a selection

-a, --archive

-a, --archive               archive mode

same as -rlptgoD (no -H)

 -r, --recursive             recurse into directories
 -l, --links                 copy symlinks as symlinks
 -p, --perms                 preserve permissions
 -t, --times                 preserve times
 -g, --group                 preserve group
 -o, --owner                 preserve owner (super-user only)
 -D                          same as --devices --specials

commons

-v, --verbose               increase verbosity
-u, --update                skip files that are newer on the receiver
-z, --compress              compress file data during the transfer
-e, --rsh=COMMAND           specify the remote shell to use
-h, --human-readable        output numbers in a human-readable format
    --progress              show progress during transfer
-f, --filter=RULE           add a file-filtering RULE

for incrementals

-b, --backup                destination files are renamed
  --backup-dir=DIR          for incremental backups

limits

--max-size=SIZE         don't transfer any file larger than SIZE
--bwlimit=KBPS          limit I/O bandwidth; KBytes per second

Working files syncronization / desktop <-> notebook

gacq.com-get

# Run this at the notebook
#
HOST=gacq.com
USER=anysyncuser

rsync -avuze 'ssh -p 22' --delete $USER@$HOST:/srv/gacq/rsync/ rsync

gacq.com-put

# Run this at the notebook
#
HOST=gacq.com
USER=anysyncuser

rsync -avuze 'ssh -p 22' --delete rsync $USER@$HOST:/srv/gacq/

Backup using ssh

Commands to execute

At host to backup (as root)

useradd -g 0 -G daemon,dip,lpadmin,shadow,sasl rbackup
passwd rbackup
su - rbackup
mkdir -p /home/rbackup/.ssh
chmod 700 /home/rbackup/.ssh
chown -R rbackup.root /home/rbackup

At backup server (as root)

ssh-keygen -t dsa -f diskarray.gacq.com-id_dsa
scp diskarray.gacq.com-id_dsa.pub rbackup@diskarray.gacq.com:.ssh/authorized_keys

Test the key:

ssh -i diskarray.gacq.com-id_dsa.pub rbackup@diskarray.gacq.com

script (ssh)

#!/bin/sh
#
# Configuration:
HOST=mynotebook.gacq.com
USER=gacq
MYSQLPASS=MYSQL_ROOT_PASS

#
dir=full_backup
date=`date +%F_%T | tr \: _`
incremental=incremental/incremental_$date
dumps=dumps/dump_$date

mkdir -p $dir
mkdir -p $incremental
mkdir -p $dumps

rsync -auzvh \
  -e "ssh -l $USER -i $HOST-id_dsa" \
  --delete \
  --filter='+ /etc/' \
  --filter='+ /etc/**' \
  --filter='+ /root/' \
  --filter='+ /root/**' \
  --filter='+ /usr/' \
  --filter='+ /usr/local/' \
  --filter='+ /usr/local/scripts/' \
  --filter='+ /usr/local/scripts/**' \
  --filter='- /**' \
  --backup --backup-dir=../$incremental \
  $HOST:/ $dir

ssh -l $USER -i $HOST-id_dsa $HOST "/usr/bin/dpkg --get-selections" > $dumps/dpkg--get-selections.txt

ssh -l $USER -i $HOST-id_dsa $HOST "mysqldump --all-databases --password=$MYSQLPASS | gzip" > $dumps/all-databases.sql.gz

Backup using rsyncd

/etc/rsyncd.conf

[all]
        comment = from root
        path = /
        read only = yes
        list = yes
        uid = root
        gid = root
        strict modes = yes
        hosts allow = gacq.com
        ignore errors = no
        ignore nonreadable = yes
        transfer logging = no
        timeout = 600
        refuse options = checksum dry-run
        dont compress = *.gz *.tgz *.zip *.z *.rpm *.deb *.iso *.bz2 *.tbz

script (rsyncd)

#!/bin/sh
#
# Configuration:
HOST=mycustomer.gacq.com
USER=gacq
MYSQLPASS=MYSQL_ROOT_PASS

#
dir=full_backup
date=`date +%F_%T | tr \: _`
incremental=incremental/incremental_$date
dumps=dumps/dump_$date

mkdir -p $dir
mkdir -p $incremental
mkdir -p $dumps

rsync -azvh \
  --delete \
  --max-size=50M \
  --bwlimit=200 \
  --progress \
  --filter='+ /etc/' \
  --filter='+ /etc/**' \
  --filter='+ /root/' \
  --filter='+ /root/**' \
  --filter='+ /home/' \
  --filter='+ /home/**' \
  --filter='+ /usr/' \
  --filter='+ /usr/local/' \
  --filter='+ /usr/local/scripts/' \
  --filter='+ /usr/local/scripts/**' \
  --filter='- /**' \
  --backup --backup-dir=../$incremental \
  $HOST::all $dir

ssh -l $USER -i $HOST-id_dsa $HOST "/usr/bin/dpkg --get-selections" > $dumps/dpkg--get-selections.txt

ssh -l $USER -i $HOST-id_dsa $HOST "mysqldump --all-databases --password=$MYSQLPASS | gzip" > $dumps/all-databases.sql.gz

Diferences between ryncd and ssh

add/remove this

-e "ssh -l $USER -i $HOST-id_dsa"

and change the source

for rsyncd use:

$HOST::all $dir

for ssh use:

$HOST:/ $dir

duplicating systems with sync

rsync -v -r -p -o -g -D -t -S -l -H \
--exclude /mnt/   \
--exclude /proc/ \
--exclude /tmp/ \
--exclude /home/ / /mnt/fireball/

Boot from a CD-ROM and mount the target-disk. Fix fstab and lilo.conf. Create /mnt and /proc and set the right permissions (for this directories). Then run lilo and reboot. Next time you run rsync, add these option to the command-line:

--exclude /etc/fstab \
--exclude /etc/lilo.conf \
--delete

Rsync

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